46. Endpoints¶

To be solved task in this part:

Grant access to voting for the Volto frontend

In this part you will:

Register and write a custom endpoint

Topics covered:

Extending plone.restapi
Services and Endpoints

Out of the box Volto has no access to the logic for voting created in the last chapter.

You need to extend a endpoint that can be used by GET, POST and DELETE requests.

The adapter starzel.votable_behavior.behavior.voting.Vote has the logic needed for voting, the key features are votes to get the current votes, vote to actively cast a vote and clear to clear existing votes.

For the classic frontend this api is exposed in a Viewlet (see chapter A Viewlet for the Votable Behavior). But neither the adapter nor the viewlet is directly accessible by a react frontend.

In backend/src/starzel.votable_behavior/starzel/votable_behavior/ create a folder restapi with a empty __init__.py. In that new folder create a configure.zcml where you will register the endpoints.

Don't forget to register the new file in the packages' main configure.zcml:

<include package=".browser" />
<include package=".restapi" />

Now register the endpoints you plan to write in restapi/configure.zcml:

<configure
    xmlns="http://namespaces.zope.org/zope"
    xmlns:plone="http://namespaces.plone.org/plone"
    xmlns:zcml="http://namespaces.zope.org/zcml">

  <plone:service
    method="GET"
    name="@votes"
    for="starzel.votable_behavior.interfaces.IVotable"
    factory=".voting.Votes"
    permission="zope2.View"
    />

  <plone:service
    method="POST"
    name="@votes"
    for="starzel.votable_behavior.interfaces.IVotable"
    factory=".voting.Vote"
    permission="zope2.View"
    />

  <plone:service
    method="DELETE"
    name="@votes"
    for="starzel.votable_behavior.interfaces.IVotable"
    factory=".voting.Delete"
    permission="zope2.View"
    />

</configure>

Note that are all have the same name @votes but will provide different functionality depending on the method of the request. This is not required but a convention many endpoints follow. We could also name them mnore in sync with their functionality. In our example the permission-checks are delegated to the services themselves and we use zope2.View as permission. The services are all only available on content that provides the marker-interface starzel.votable_behavior.interfaces.IVotable that we added in the last chapter via a behavior.

Now create the voting.py and write the services that together make the endpoint @votes:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from plone import api
from plone.protect.interfaces import IDisableCSRFProtection
from plone.restapi.deserializer import json_body
from plone.restapi.services import Service
from starzel.votable_behavior import DoVote
from starzel.votable_behavior.interfaces import IVoting
from zope.globalrequest import getRequest
from zExceptions import Unauthorized
from zope.interface import alsoProvides


class Vote(Service):
    """Vote for an object"""

    def reply(self):
        alsoProvides(self.request, IDisableCSRFProtection)
        can_vote = not api.user.is_anonymous() and api.user.has_permission(DoVote, obj=self.context)
        if not can_vote:
            raise Unauthorized("User not authorized to vote.")
        voting = IVoting(self.context)
        data = json_body(self.request)
        vote = data['rating']
        voting.vote(vote, self.request)

        return vote_info(self.context, self.request)


class Delete(Service):
    """Unlock an object"""

    def reply(self):
        alsoProvides(self.request, IDisableCSRFProtection)
        can_vote = not api.user.is_anonymous() and api.user.has_permission(DoVote, obj=self.context)
        if not can_vote:
            raise Unauthorized("User not authorized to delete votes.")
        voting = IVoting(self.context)
        voting.clear()
        return vote_info(self.context, self.request)


class Votes(Service):
    """Voting information about the current object"""

    def reply(self):
        return vote_info(self.context, self.request)


def vote_info(obj, request=None):
    """Returns voting information about the given object."""
    if not request:
        request = getRequest()
    voting = IVoting(obj)
    can_vote = not api.user.is_anonymous() and api.user.has_permission(DoVote, obj=obj)
    can_clear_votes = any(role in api.user.get_roles() for role in ['Manager', 'Site Manager'])
    info = {
        'average_vote': voting.average_vote(),
        'total_votes': voting.total_votes(),
        'has_votes': voting.has_votes(),
        'already_voted': voting.already_voted(request),
        'can_vote': can_vote,
        'can_clear_votes': can_clear_votes,
    }
    return info

This endpoint is modeled similar to the locking endpoint of plone.restapi: https://github.com/plone/plone.restapi/blob/master/src/plone/restapi/services/locking/locking.py

Plone Training 2022 documentation

Endpoints

46. Endpoints¶